Kuz’min Ya. My Works with Yu. V. Knorozov and the Importance of His Studies in 1979–1990 for Archaeology of the Kurile Islands

Yaroslav Kuz’min
V. S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
ORCID: 0000-0002-4512-2269
E-mail: kuzmin@fulbrightmail.org

 

 Download  |  Go to Issue #2. 2023

 

ABSTRACT. The article presents memories of the author’s work on the Iturup Island (in 1988 and 1990) together with Yu. V. Knorozov, the prominent Soviet/Russian specialist in ancient writing systems and ethnic semiotics. A brief review of archaeological sites and rock images found and studied by him on the Iturup Island in 1979–1990 is given. One of the main tasks was the search for the traces left by Ainu and more ancient populations of the Kuriles, mainly rock images and carvings. Before works by Yu. V. Knorozov in 1979–1990, archaeological investigation in the southern Kurile Islands were conducted sporadically, without clear program. Yu. V. Knorozov found, analyzed and interpreted signs and symbols carved on the boulders and other rock surfaces of the Iturup Island. He also collected large amount of samples for radiocarbon dating, and this allowed to generate for the first time the chronological framework for ancient cultural complexes of the southern Kuriles. Yu. V. Knorozov found and preliminarily studied the Yankito 2, the oldest archaeological site in the entire Kuriles. The importance of the Yu. V. Knorozov’s contribution to the investigation of the distant past of the southern Kuril Islands and the spiritual world of their inhabitants in antiquity is emphasized.

 

KEYWORDS: Yu. V. Knorozov, Kurile Islands, archaeology, rock images, chronology

 

FOR CITATION: Kuz’min Ya. My Works with Yu. V. Knorozov and the Importance of His Studies in 1979–1990 for Archaeology of the Kurile Islands. Kunstkamera. 2023. 2(20): 96–109. (In Russian). doi 10.31250/2618-8619-2023-2(20)-96-109  

 

DOI 10.31250/2618-8619-2023-2(20)-96-109
УДК 902.02+902.66+397(571.645)

 

REFERENCES 

  • Chubarova R. V. Neoliticheskie stoianki na o. Iturup (Kuril’skie ostrova) [The Neolithic Sites on the Iturup Island (Kurile Islands)]. Sovetskaia arkheologiia [Soviet archaeology], 1960, no. 2, pp. 128–138. (In Russian)
  • Coe M. D. Breaking the Maya Code (3-rd edit). New York: Thames & Hudson, 1992.
  • Ershova G. G. Poslednii genii XX veka. Yurii Knorozov: sud’ba uchenogo [The Last Genius of the 20th Century. Yurii Knorozov: the Fate of the Scholar]. Moscow: RGGU, 2019. 797 p. (In Russian)
  • Finashina G. N., Voroshilova N. G. Aleksei Pavlovich Okladnikov (Materialy k biobibliografii uchenykh SSSR) [Aleksei Pavlovich Okladnikov (Materials for Biobibliography of the USSR Scientists]. Moscow: Nauka Press, 1981. (In Russian)
  • Fitzhugh B. Kuril’skii biokompleksnyi proekt — mezhdistsiplinarnaia programma issledovanii Severnoi Pasifiki [The Kurile Biocomplexity Project – Interdisciplinary Program for Study the Northern Pacific]. Vestnik Sakhalinskogo muzeia [The Sakhalin Museum Bulletin], 2020, no. 3 (32), pp. 57–73. (In Russian)
  • Gjesfjeld E., Etnier M. A., Takase K., Brown W. A., Fitzhugh B. Biogeography and Adaptation in the Kuril Islands. World Archaeology, 2019, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 429–453.
  • Golubev V. A. Zov ugasshih ochagov [The Call of Extinguished Fires]. Kraevedcheskii biulleten’ (Obshchestvo izucheniia Sakhalina i Kuril'skikh ostrovov, Iuzhno-Sakhalinsk) [Local History Bulletin (Society of the Study of Sakhalin and Kurile Islands, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk], 1998, no. 3, pp. 5–131. (In Russian)
  • Grishchenko V. A., Pashentsev P. A., Vasilevskii A. A. Nachal’nyi neolit Kuril’skikh ostrovov: kul’tura dlinnykh mogil [The Initial Neolithic of the Kurile Islands: Culture of Long Graves]. Arkheologiia, etnografiia i antropologiia Evrazii [Archaeology, ethnography and anthropology of Eurasia], 2022, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 3–12. (In Russian)
  • Khasanova M. M. “Zakhoroneniia” kitovykh skeletov na o. Iturup [“Burials” of Whale Skeletons on the Iturup Island]. Novoe v dal’nevostochnoi arkheologii (materialy medievistov) [New in Far Eastern Archaeology (Material of the Scholars of Medieval Studies]. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: DVO AN SSSR, 1989, pp. 52–59. (In Russian)
  • Knorozov Yu. V. Seleniia ainov na ostrove Iturup (po materialam ekspeditsii 1989 g.) [The Ainu Settlements on the Iturup Island (Based on Materials of the 1989 Expedition]. Materialy polevykh etnograficheskikh issledovanii, 1988–1989 gg. [Materials of the Fiend EthnographicIinvestigations, 1988–1989]. St. Petersburg: Institut etnologii i antropologii AN SSSR, 1992, pp. 175–178. (In Russian)
  • Knorozov Yu. V., Prokof’ev M. M. Formula vozrozhdeniia u ainov (opyt rasshifrovki znakov-piktogramm na nadmogil’nykh stolbakh-as’ni iz fondov Sakhalinskogo oblastnogo kraevedcheskogo muzeia) [The Formula of Resurrection among the Ainu 9the Experience of Deciphering of Signs-pictograms on the Funeral Palls from the Storage of the Sakhalin Regional Local Lore Museum]. Vestnik Sakhalinskogo muzeia [The herald of Sakhalin museum], 1995, no. 2, pp. 208–221. (In Russian)
  • Knorozov Yu. V., Soboleva E. S., Taksami Ch. M. Piktograficheskie nadpisi ainov [Pictographic Ainu Signs]. Drevnie sistemy pis’ma. Etnicheskaia semiotika [Ancient Systems of Writing. Ethnic semiotics]. Moscow: Nauka Press, 1986, pp. 268–295. (In Russian)
  • Knorozov Yu. V., Spevakovskii A. B., Taksami Ch. M. Piktograficheskie nadpisi ainov [Pictographic Ainu Signs]. Polevye issledovaniia Instituta etnografii. 1980–1981 [The Field Investigations of the Institute of Ethnography. 1980–1981]. Moscow: Institut etnografii AN SSSR, 1984, pp. 226–233. (In Russian)
  • Knorozov Yu. V., Zaitseva G. I., Popov S. G., Krylov A. P. Radiouglerodnaia khronologiya drevnikh poselenii ostrova Iturup [Radiocarbon Chronology of the Ancient Sites of the Iturup Island]. Geokhronologiia chetvertichnogo perioda. Tezisy dokladov Vsesoiuznogo soveshchaniia [Geochronology of the Quaternary. Abstracts of the All-Union Conference]. Tallin: Institut termofiziki i elektrofiziki AN Estonii, 1989, p. 102. (In Russian)
  • Kudriavtsev B. G. Pis’mennost’ ostrova Paskhi [The Writing System of the Easter Island]. Sbornik Muzeia antropologii i etnografii. Tom XI [The Compendium of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. Vol. XI]. Moscow – Leningrad: Izdatel’stvo AN SSSR, 1949, pp. 175–221. (In Russian)
  • Kuz’min Yu. V. Geomorfologiia drevnikh poselenii central’noi chasti o. Iturup [Geomorphology of the Ancient Settlements in the Central Part of the Iturup Island (Kurile Islands)]. Kraevedcheskii biulleten’ [Local History Bulletin], 1991, no. 2, pp. 169–181. (In Russian)
  • Kuz’min Yu. V. Stranstviia na niti vremeni: Paralleli i meridiany geografa [Wanderings of the String of Time. Parallels and Meridians of Geographer]. Novosibirsk: Prais-Kur’er Press, 2011. 308 p. (In Russian)
  • Kuzmin Y. V. Colonization and early human migrations in the insular Russian Far East: a view from the mid-2010s. Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, 2016, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 122–132.
  • Kuz’min Yu. V. Geoarkheologiia: estestvennonauchnye metody v arkheologicheskikh issledovaniiakh [Geoarchaeology: Methods of Natural Sciences in Archaeological Investigations]. Tomsk: Izdatel'skii Dom TGU, 2017. 395 p. (In Russian)
  • Kuzmin Y. V., Yanshina O. V., Fitzpatrick S. M., Shubina O. A. The Neolithic of the Kurile Islands (Russian Far East): Current State and Future Prospects. Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, 2012, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 234–254.
  • Martynov D. E. “Poslednii genii …”, ili strana Strana dolzhna znat’ svoikh geroev (o biografii Iuriia Knorozova) [“The Last Genius …”, or Country Should Know its Heroes (about the Biography of Yu. Knorozov. Uchenye zapiski Kazanskogo universiteta. Seriia gumanitarnye nauki [Scientific Papers of the Kazan State University. Series Humanities], 2020, vol. 162, no. 1, pp. 236–250. (In Russian)
  • Moiseev V. G., Zubova A. V., de la Fuente K., Yanshina O. V., Kishkurno M. S., Chikisheva T. A. Novye kraniologicheskie i paleogeneticheskie dannye k probleme proiskhozhdeniia korennogo naseleniya Hokkaido i Sakhalina [New Craniological and Paleogenetic Data to the Problem of the Origins of Native Population of the Hokkaido and Sakhalin Island]. Camera Praehistorica, 2019, no. 2 (3), pp. 137–146. (In Russian)
  • Okladnikov A. P. Eti zagadochnye znaki [These Enigmatic Signs]. Sotsialisticheskaia industriia [Socialism reconstruction], 1979, 8 July.
  • Ol’derogge D. A. Parallel’nie teksti tablits ostrova Paskhi “kohau rongo rongo”. Dopolnenie k stat’ie B. G. Kudriavtseva [Parallel Texts on Plates from the Easter Island “Kokhau Rongo Rongo”. Supplement to Paper by B. G. Kudriavtsev]. Sbornik Muzeia antropologii i etnografii. T. XI [The Compendium of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. Vol. XI]. Moscow–Leningrad: Izdatel’stvo AN SSSR, 1949, pp. 222–236. (In Russian)
  • Prokof’ev M. M. Yurii Valentinovich Knorozov (1922–1999) [Yurii Valentinovich Knorozov (1922–1999)]. Kraevedcheskii biulleten’ [Local History Bulletin], 1999a, no. 4, pp. 138–144. (In Russian)
  • Prokof’ev M. M. Bestsennyi dar Yu. V. Knorozova Kuril’skomu kraevedcheskomu muzeiu [Yu. V. Knorozov’s Priceless Gift to the Kuril’sk Local History Museum]. Vestnik Sakhalinskogo muzeia [The Sakhalin Museum Bulletin], 1999b, no. 6, pp. 88–96. (In Russian)
  • Prokof’ev M. M. Raskopki drevnego pogrebeniia shamana na o. Iturup: itogi i problemy izucheniia (po materialam issledovanii 1985 goda [Excavations of the Ancient Burial of Shaman on the Iturup Island: Results of Problems of Study (Based on the 1985 Materials)]. Vestnik Sakhalinskogo muzeia [The Sakhalin Museum Bulletin], 2000, no. 7, pp. 286–302. (In Russian)
  • Prokof’ev M. M. Keramika rannego dzyomona s yuzhnyh Kuril [The Pottery of the Early Jomon from the Southern Kurile Islands]. Kraevedcheskii biulleten’ [Local History’s Bulletin], 2003, no. 1, pp. 89–94. (In Russian)
  • Prokof’ev M. M., Berezkin Yu. E., Zaitseva G. I. Novye radiouglerodnye opredeleniia absoliutnogo vozrasta arheologicheskikh pamiatnikov o. Iturup (Kuril’skie ostrova) [New Radiocarbon Dates for Archaeological Sites on the Iturup Island (Kurile Islands)]. Drevnie kul’tury Dal’nego Vostoka SSSR (arkheologicheskii poisk). Preprint [Ancient Cultures of the USSR Far East (Archaeological Search). Preprint]. Vladivostok: DVO AN SSSR, 1989, pp. 30–34. (In Russian)
  • Shubina O. A., Yanshina O. V. Predvaritel’nye itogi arkheologicheskogo issledovaniia poseleniia Iankito-2 na o. Iturupe v 2013 g. [Preliminary Results of Archaeological Study of the Yankito 2 Settlement on the Iturup Island in 2013]. Vestnik Sakhalinskogo muzeia [The Sakhalin Museum Bulletin], 2014, no. 21, pp. 3–47. (In Russian)
  • Steshenko T. V., Gladyshev S. A. Drevnie pamiatniki Kuril’skih ostrovov [Ancient Sites of the Kurile Islands]. Issledovaniia po arkheologii Sakhalinskoi oblasti [Studies of Archaeology of the Sakhalin Province]. Vladivostok: DVNTs AN SSSR, 1977, pp. 21–37. (In Russian)
  • Vasilevskii A. A., Potapova N. V. Ocherki istorii Kurilskikh ostrovov. Tom 1. Istoriia Kuril’skogo arkhipelaga s drevneishikh vremen do Sankt-Peterburgskogo dogovora 1875 goda [Essays on the History of Kurile Islands. Vol. 1. History of the Kurile Archipelago from the Ancient Times to Saint-Petersburg Treaty of 1875]. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: SakhGU, 2017. 416 p. (In Russian)
  • Yanshina O. V. Naskal’nye risunki o. Iturup (po materialam polevyh issledovanii Yu. V. Knorozova) [Rock Art of the Iturup Island (Based on Materials of Fieldwork by Yu. V. Knorozov]. Svod arkheologicheskikh istochnikov Kunstkamery. Vypusk 2. Epokha bronzy – pozdnee srednevekov’e [The Inventory of Archaeological sources of the Kunstkamerа. Issue 2. The Bronze Age – Late Middle Ages]. St. Petersburg: Nauka Press, 2009, pp. 103–132. (In Russian)
  • Yanshina O. V. Mogil’nik na ozere Tankovoe (o. Iturup): kratkaia istoriia i rezul’taty issledovaniia [The Burial Ground on the Lake Tankovoe (Iturup Island): Short History and Results of Investigation]. Camera praehistorica, 2021, no. 2 (7), pp. 58–81. (In Russian)
  • Yanshina O. V., Kuzmin Y. V. The Earliest Evidence of Human Settlement in the Kurile Islands (Russian Far East): the Yankito Site Cluster, Iturup Island. Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology, 2010, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 179–184.
  • Yanshina O. V., Shubina O. A. Novyi arheologicheskii pamiatnik v ust’e reki Kuibyshevki na ostrove Iturup [New Archaeological Site in the Mouth of Kuibyshevka River of the Iturup Island]. Vestnik Sakhalinskogo muzeia [The Sakhalin Museum Bulletin], 2015, no. 22, pp. 50–69. (In Russian)
  • Zaitseva G. I., Knorozov Yu. V. Absolyutnaia khronologiia selenii na ostrovakh Iturup i Kunashir // Problemy kraevedeniia (Arsen’evskie chteniia) [Absolute Chronology of Sites on the Iturup and Kunashir Islands]. Problemy kraevedeniia (Arsen’evskie chteniia) [Problems of Local History Studies (Arsen’ev’s Readings]. Ussuriisk: Ussuriiskii pedagogicheskii institut, 1989, pp. 23–24. (In Russian)
  • Zaitseva G. I., Markov Yu. N., Knorozov Yu. V. Absolyutnaia khronologiya pamiatnikov Kuril’skoi griady [Absolute Chronology of Sites in the Kurile Islands]. Tezisy dokladov Vsesoiuznoi konferentsii “Geokhronologiia chetvertichnogo perioda” [Abstract of the All-Union conference “Geochronology of the Quaternary”]. Tallin: Institut geologii AN Estonskoi SSR, 1985, p. 87. (In Russian)
  • Zaitseva G. I., Popov S. G., Krylov A. P., Knorozov Y. V., Spevakovskiy A. B. Radiocarbon Chronology of Archaeological Sites of the Kurile Islands. Radiocarbon, 1993, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 503–510.